NationPulse
🇷🇴 Romania in official data
How Romania is doing across 22 areas of society, from the economy to health, housing and education: the latest official figures from Eurostat, the OECD and national statistics offices, as shown on NationPulse.
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Where it stands in the EU
- Non-fatal accidents at work: Romania has the lowest value in the EU (65 /100k, 2024).
- Participation in early childhood education: Romania has the lowest value in the EU (76.5 %, 2024).
- Trust in other people: Romania has the highest value in the EU (7.5 /10, 2025).
- Early leavers from education and training: Romania has the highest value in the EU (15.5 %, 2025).
- Temporary employees: Romania has the 2nd lowest value in the EU (1.8 %, 2025).
- Tertiary educational attainment, ages 25–34: Romania has the lowest value in the EU (23.0 %, 2025).
- Rural households covered by very high capacity broadband: Romania has the 2nd highest value in the EU (94.2 %, 2025).
- R&D expenditure (GERD): Romania has the lowest value in the EU (0.46 % GDP, 2024).
- Business R&D expenditure (BERD): Romania has the lowest value in the EU (0.29 % GDP, 2024).
- Government budget for R&D (GBARD): Romania has the lowest value in the EU (0.09 % GDP, 2025).
- Researchers: Romania has the lowest value in the EU (0.26 %, 2024).
- Patent applications to the European Patent Office: Romania has the lowest value in the EU (2.2 /million, 2025).
- Innovative enterprises: Romania has the lowest value in the EU (8.8 %, 2022).
- Employment in high-technology sectors: Romania has the lowest value in the EU (3.4 %, 2025).
- Enterprises using artificial intelligence: Romania has the lowest value in the EU (5.2 %, 2025).
- People with at least basic digital skills: Romania has the lowest value in the EU (31.8 %, 2025).
- People using online public services: Romania has the lowest value in the EU (24.1 %, 2025).
- Unable to afford a proper meal every second day: Romania has the highest value in the EU (18.1 %, 2025).
- Overcrowding rate: Romania has the highest value in the EU (40.4 %, 2025).
- Youth unemployment rate: Romania has the highest value in the EU (26.1 %, 2025).
- Young people not in employment, education or training (NEET): Romania has the highest value in the EU (19.2 %, 2025).
- Road traffic deaths: Romania has the highest value in the EU (7.8 /100k, 2024).
- Households covered by 5G: Romania has the lowest value in the EU (59.3 %, 2025).
- Disability employment gap: Romania has the highest value in the EU (45.4 pp, 2025).
- ICT specialists in employment: Romania has the 2nd lowest value in the EU (2.7 %, 2025).
- Real GDP per person: Romania has the 2nd lowest value in the EU (13,300 €, 2025).
- Poverty reduction by social transfers: Romania has the 2nd lowest value in the EU (21.7 %, 2025).
- Severe housing deprivation rate: Romania has the 2nd highest value in the EU (9.6 %, 2023).
- Arrears on utility bills: Romania has the 2nd highest value in the EU (17.7 %, 2025).
- Employment rate, ages 20–64: Romania has the 2nd lowest value in the EU (69.0 %, 2025).
- Low-achieving 15-year-olds in mathematics (PISA): Romania has the 3rd highest value in the EU (51.9 %, 2025).
- Low-achieving 15-year-olds in science (PISA): Romania has the 3rd highest value in the EU (45.8 %, 2025).
- People reading news online: Romania has the 3rd lowest value in the EU (58.8 %, 2025).
- Life expectancy at birth: Romania has the 3rd lowest value in the EU (76.5 years, 2024).
- People making ends meet with great difficulty: Romania has the 3rd highest value in the EU (9.6 %, 2025).
- At risk of poverty or social exclusion: Romania has the 3rd highest value in the EU (27.4 %, 2025).
- In-work at-risk-of-poverty rate: Romania has the 3rd highest value in the EU (10.7 %, 2025).
- Fatal accidents at work: Romania has the 3rd highest value in the EU (2.83 /100k, 2024).
Brain: Education, research & innovation
Eyes: Information & Digital Access
| Indicator | Latest value | Period | Source |
|---|
| Households with internet access | 95.5 % | 2025 | Eurostat |
| People with at least basic digital skills | 31.8 % | 2025 | Eurostat |
| People reading news online | 58.8 % | 2025 | Eurostat |
Ears: Civic Participation
| Indicator | Latest value | Period | Source |
|---|
| People taking part in active citizenship | 3.1 % | 2022 | Eurostat |
Jaw: Justice & Institutions
| Indicator | Latest value | Period | Source |
|---|
| Perceived independence of the justice system | 44 % | 2025 | Eurostat |
Neck: Government & Public Administration
| Indicator | Latest value | Period | Source |
|---|
| People using online public services | 24.1 % | 2025 | Eurostat |
Heart: Economy & Financial Stability
| Indicator | Latest value | Period | Source |
|---|
| Actual individual consumption per capita | 88 EU = 100 | 2024 | Eurostat |
| Real household disposable income per person | 180.0 2008=100 | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Real GDP per person | 13,300 € | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Government debt | 58.9 % GDP | 2025 | Eurostat |
Left lung: Healthcare
| Indicator | Latest value | Period | Source |
|---|
| Life expectancy at birth | 76.5 years | 2024 | Eurostat |
| Unmet need for medical care | 2.9 % | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Out-of-pocket spending on healthcare | 22.0 % | 2024 | Eurostat |
Right lung: Environment & Climate
Stomach: Cost of Living
Liver: Poverty & Social Welfare
| Indicator | Latest value | Period | Source |
|---|
| People making ends meet with great difficulty | 9.6 % | 2025 | Eurostat (EU-SILC) |
| At risk of poverty or social exclusion | 27.4 % | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Poverty reduction by social transfers | 21.7 % | 2025 | Eurostat |
Left kidney: Housing
| Indicator | Latest value | Period | Source |
|---|
| Housing cost overburden rate | 5.0 % | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Overcrowding rate | 40.4 % | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Severe housing deprivation rate | 9.6 % | 2023 | Eurostat |
Right kidney: Essential Utilities
| Indicator | Latest value | Period | Source |
|---|
| Unable to keep the home adequately warm | 11.9 % | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Arrears on utility bills | 17.7 % | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Homes without a bath, shower or indoor toilet | 13.9 % | 2023 | Eurostat |
Left arm: Employment
| Indicator | Latest value | Period | Source |
|---|
| Unemployment rate | 6.10 % | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Employment rate, ages 20–64 | 69.0 % | 2025 | Eurostat |
Right arm: Job Quality
| Indicator | Latest value | Period | Source |
|---|
| Temporary employees | 1.8 % | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Underemployed part-time workers | 0.9 % | 2025 | Eurostat |
| In-work at-risk-of-poverty rate | 10.7 % | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Usual weekly working hours, full-time employees | 40.2 h/week | 2025 | Eurostat |
Left hand: Youth Opportunities
| Indicator | Latest value | Period | Source |
|---|
| Youth unemployment rate | 26.1 % | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Young people not in employment, education or training (NEET) | 19.2 % | 2025 | Eurostat |
Right hand: Workplace Safety
| Indicator | Latest value | Period | Source |
|---|
| Fatal accidents at work | 2.83 /100k | 2024 | Eurostat |
| Non-fatal accidents at work | 65 /100k | 2024 | Eurostat |
Left leg: Roads & Transport
| Indicator | Latest value | Period | Source |
|---|
| Road traffic deaths | 7.8 /100k | 2024 | Eurostat |
Right leg: Public Transport & Mobility
| Indicator | Latest value | Period | Source |
|---|
| Public transport share of passenger travel | 17.9 % | 2024 | Eurostat |
| Rail share of passenger travel | 3.8 % | 2024 | Eurostat |
Left foot: Regional Accessibility
| Indicator | Latest value | Period | Source |
|---|
| Rural households covered by very high capacity broadband | 94.2 % | 2025 | Eurostat |
Right foot: Digital Infrastructure
| Indicator | Latest value | Period | Source |
|---|
| Households covered by very high capacity broadband | 96.4 % | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Households covered by 5G | 59.3 % | 2025 | Eurostat |
Skin and body outline: Public Safety & Social Inclusion
| Indicator | Latest value | Period | Source |
|---|
| People reporting crime, violence or vandalism in their area | 5.9 % | 2023 | Eurostat |
| Deaths due to homicide | 1.12 /100k | 2023 | Eurostat |
| Disability employment gap | 45.4 pp | 2025 | Eurostat |
| Trust in other people | 7.5 /10 | 2025 | Eurostat |
Researched context (not official statistics)
For conditions with no official series, published figures from other credible sources, checked against the linked pages:
- Educational inequality by social background: In PISA 2022, social background mattered much more in Romania than on average in the OECD: advantaged students outscored disadvantaged ones by 132 points in maths, against 93, and the gap has widened since 2012.
- Scientific research outcomes: Research in Romania is cited less often than the EU average (18th in the EU), and less of it is co-written with foreign researchers than in any other EU country (27th).
- Public voice: CIVICUS, a global civil-society alliance, rates civic space in Romania as "narrowed": the second-best of its five levels.
- Media freedom: Reporters Without Borders ranks Romania 49th of 180 countries for press freedom in 2026, up from 55th in 2025.
- Access to justice: The World Justice Project places Romania 44th of 143 countries for the rule of law, and 45th for civil justice.
- Court efficiency: Courts in Romania took an estimated 180 days to resolve civil and commercial disputes at first instance in 2024, down from 218 in 2023, against 124 in the Netherlands and 584 in Italy.
- Public service effectiveness: The World Bank scores the effectiveness of Romania’s government at 59.9 out of 100 in 2025, up from 56.1 in 2023.
- Transport infrastructure: Business executives placed Romania’s roads 119th of 141 countries in 2019; the World Bank gives its trade and transport infrastructure 2.9 out of 5.
- Commuting: In 2019 a one-way commute in Romania took 27 minutes on average, slightly longer than the EU average of 25.
- Access to services: Most people in Romania can reach work or study without a car: 85.4% can get there within an hour by public transport, cycling or walking, well above the EU average of 71.1%.
Data retrieved 2026-10-21. Every value links to its official source.
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